| ICD (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ) |
The ICD 10th Revision (ICD-10) coding system is an international classification system which groups related disease, signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances ,external causes of injury or diseases and procedures , as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO).
It is used to classify diseases and other health problems recorded on many types of health and vital records including death certificates and hospital records. ICD codes are the standard diagnostic classification for all general, epidemiological and other health management purpose.
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| ICD History |
In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the first International Classification of Diseases (ICD). This coding system was developed by WHO to provide international consistency for reporting mortality statistics only. Numbers were added with subsequent revisions to identify the new "version". Thus the nomenclature became ICD-2, ICD-3 and so forth. ICD-9 and ICD-10, the most current versions, are copyrighted by the World Health Organization (WHO). ICD-10 is the latest version. Effective January 1, 1999, ICD-10 officially was implemented in the United States for reporting the cause of death on death certificates |
| ICD-10 Structure |
A. ICD-10-CM: (Clinical modification- Diagnosis Codes) is a system of classifying Diseases and injuries. it replaces the volume 1 and volume 2 of ICD9-CM.
B. ICD-10-PCS: (Procedure Codes) is a system of medical classification used for procedural codes. It replaces the Volume3 of ICD 9-CM.
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| ICD -10-CM: It has the following features: - |
- It is entirely alpha numeric (all letters except U is used).
- Codes may be used up to seven characters in length.
- Disease have been reclassified
- Conditions with a recently discovered etiology or new treatment protocol have been reassigned.
- “Excludes” : notes were expanded to provide guidance on the hierarchy and clarify priority of code assignments
- Use of extensions : provide additional information in certain circumstances.
- Combination codes : for commonly occurring symptoms/diagnoses and etiologies/ manifestations.
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ICD -10 –PCS the development of ICD-10- PCS has four major attributes: |
- Completeness: a unique code exists for all substantially different procedures.
- Expandability: as new procedures are developed, the system structure allows them to be easily incorporated as unique codes.
- Multi axial: each code character has the same meaning within the specific procedure section and across procedure sections, to the extent possible.
- Standardized terminology: each term is assigned a specific meaning, and the coding system does not include multiple meanings for the same term.
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| ICD-10-PCS: Code structure |
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| A code is derived by choosing a specific value for each of the seven characters Based on details about the procedure performed values for each character specifying the section, body system, root operation, body part, approach, device and qualifier are assigned |
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